Team USA had a very successful performance at the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics. American athletes won 37 total medals, which set a new record for the Winter Olympic Games, a mark previously held by Germany (36 medals; Salt Lake City 2002). Included in the needed total for Team USA were nine gold, 15 silver, and 13 bronze medals, won over nine of the 14 sports in the games. Role of Sport Science and Sports Medicine in the Success of Team USA at the Vancouver Winter Olympics describes how the practical application of sport science and sports medicine contributed in part to the success of Team USA at this extraordinary event.